The Planning and Development Services Department generates monthly population estimates and future population projections based on recent development activity. These estimates are adjusted every ten years as decennial Census figures are released.

• As of April 2012, Round Rock's estimated population is 101,317 (within the city limits).
• This is also the annual population estimate for 2012.
• City Profile of select tables from the 2010 Census and 2010 American Community Survey (pdf)
• City-generated Population projections 2010-2030 (pdf)